1. What percentage of the extracellular fluid does blood constitute in our bodies?
a) 15-20%
b) 30-35%
c) 50-55%
d) 70-75%
2. Which component of blood is responsible for maintaining the body’s osmotic balance?
a) Red blood cells
b) White blood cells
c) Platelets
d) Plasma
3. Which substance acts as a vital buffer to maintain the pH stability of blood?
a) Glucose
b) Sodium bicarbonate
c) Hemoglobin
d) Fibrinogen
4. What is the most abundant component of plasma by percentage?
a) Water
b) Proteins
c) Minerals
d) Glucose
5. Which plasma protein is responsible for maintaining the osmotic pressure of blood?
a) Albumin
b) Globulin
c) Fibrinogen
d) Immunoglobulin
6. Which component is the remaining portion of plasma after clotting?
a) Serum
b) Hemoglobin
c) Platelets
d) Leukocytes
7. What is the pH level of blood?
a) 6.0
b) 7.0
c) 7.4
d) 8.0
8. Which of the following statement is true?
a) Arteries has high pH than veins
b) Veins has higher ph than Arteries
c) Blood pH is same in all the blood vessel
d) none of the above is true.
9. Which blood cell type is responsible for oxygen transport?
a) Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
b) Leukocytes (white blood cells)
c) Thrombocytes (platelets)
d) Lymphocytes
10. What gives the red color to red blood cells?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Globulin
c) Fibrinogen
d) Immunoglobulin
11. What is the primary component of hemoglobin that binds to oxygen?
a) Protein
b) Globin
c) Heme
d) Carbon
12. What is the lifespan of a typical red blood cell?
a) 30 days
b) 60 days
c) 90 days
d) 120 days
13. Where does erythropoiesis predominantly occur?
a) Liver
b) Kidneys
c) Spleen
d) Red bone marrow
14. What is the function of the hormone erythropoietin?
a) Regulates blood pH
b) Stimulates platelet production
c) Stimulates red blood cell production
d) Regulates white blood cell count
15. Which mineral is indispensable for synthesizing hemoglobin?
a) Calcium
b) Sodium
c) Iron
d) Magnesium
16. What is the function of Folic acid in red blood cell production?
a) Maintains osmotic balance
b) required for normal cell division
c) Transports oxygen
d) Required for hemoglobin production
17. What is the primary site of destruction for old red blood cells?
a) Liver
b) Spleen
c) Kidneys
d) Lungs
18. What condition results from insufficient levels of B12?
a) Diabetes
b) Hypertension
c) Pernicious anemia
d) Leukemia
19. What triggers the release of erythropoietin?
a) High oxygen levels in blood
b) Reduced oxygen delivery to the kidneys
c) High carbon dioxide levels in blood
d) Increased blood pH
20. What is the main role of albumin in plasma?
a) Oxygen transport
b) Blood clotting
c) pH regulation
d) Osmotic balance